在准备替换或加装硬盘时，如何得到硬盘信息？可以用smartctl,hdparm等命令来查询。在日志中显示硬盘有坏扇区

tail /var/log/messages
Mar  1 09:42:55 c1g smartd[1848]: Device: /dev/hda, 2 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors
Mar  1 09:42:55 c1g smartd[1848]: Device: /dev/hda, 2 Offline uncorrectable sectors

dmesg中也有错误信息

dmesg
ide: failed opcode was: unknown
hda: no DRQ after issuing WRITE
ide0: reset: success
hda: status timeout: status=0xd0 { Busy }

对硬盘做一下健康检查

smartctl -H /dev/hda
smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

检测通过，保险起见还是准备换硬盘。查看下当前硬盘的型号,可以得到硬盘接口为SATAII，及尺寸大小3.5″

smartctl -a /dev/hda
smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     ST3160815AS
Serial Number:    6RA7DWM4
Firmware Version: 4.AAB
User Capacity:    160,040,803,840 bytes
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   7
ATA Standard is:  Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is:    Mon Mar  1 10:36:55 2010 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

hdparm也可以得到硬盘型号

hdparm -i /dev/hda
/dev/hda:
 Model=ST3160815AS, FwRev=4.AAB, SerialNo=6RA7DWM4
 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs RotSpdTol>.5% }
 RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4
 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=8192kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
 CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=268435455
 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
 PIO modes:  pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
 DMA modes:  mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2
 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
 Drive conforms to: device does not report version:
 * signifies the current active mode

也可以通过主板型号来得知支持的硬盘

dmidecode
System Information
      Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.
      Product Name: 945GCM-S2L