下载和安装好了 VSCode
VSCode只是一个编辑器(editor),不是IDE(集成开发环境),不含编译器(compiler)和许多其它功能,所以编译器要自己装好。
知识回顾
gcc如何执行C语言
这 4 步大致的工作内容如下:
(1) 预处理, C 编译器对各种预处理命令进行处理,包括头文件包含、宏定义的扩
展、条件编译的选择等;
(2) 编译,将预处理得到的源代码文件,进行“翻译转换”,产生出机器语言的目标
程序,得到机器语言的汇编文件;
(3) 汇编,将汇编代码翻译成了机器码,但是还不可以运行;
(4) 链接,处理可重定位文件,把各种符号引用和符号定义转换成为可执行文件中
gcc 编译器通过编译形成目标文件,后缀名是.o ,类似微软编译器(VS的目标文件后缀名是.obj)
1、linux下
- $ gcc -c main.c // 会得到 main.o 文件
- $ gcc main.o // 链接得到 a.out 文件 a.out 是 gcc 默认输出文件名称,可以通过-o 参数指定新的文件名。
- $ ./a.out // 执行a.out 输出内容 .out 是linux的文件格式
-
2、windows下
- gcc -g test.c -o test.exe // 把test.c 编译成test.exe 文件 -o 自定文件格式
- ./test.exe // 当前目录下直接执行 test.exe文件
-
MinGW-w64是c语言文件的编译器
MinGW-w64 - for 32 and 64 bit Windows 官网在此页面下载 MinGW-w64,往下稍微翻一下,选最新版本中的x86_64-posix-seh。最好不要用 Download Latest Version,这个是在线安装包,有可能因为国内的“网络环境”下载失败。解压文件到自己的目录
例如:我解压到 E:\RuanJian_2\VSCode
1、系统环境变量,path,在path中加上解压后的mingw64/bin的路径
如:E:\RuanJian_2\VSCode\mingw64\bin
2、要验证一下是否配置成功,快捷键win+R,cmd,输入 gcc -v
3、如果如下图所示,即成功了
在vscode里面下载c/c++官方插件(必须)
Code Runner 插件,快速运行C语言(可选)
1、在windows 下创建测试文件夹。
2、打开VSCode,打开c-test 文件夹,找到创建c-test的目录
3、打开成功后的页面
4、创建 .vscode 文件夹
在.vscode 下创建launch.json,tasks.json,settings.json,c_cpp_properties.json 四个文件
1、launch.json:将下面代码复制进去
注意: 需要修改的地方miDebuggerPat换成自己安装mingw64的目录
- {
- "version": "0.2.0",
- "configurations": [
- {
- "name": "(Windows) Launch",
- "type": "cppvsdbg",
- "request": "launch",
- "program": "cmd",
- "preLaunchTask": "compile",
- "args": [
- "/C",
- "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
- "&",
- "echo.",
- "&",
- "pause"
- ],
- "stopAtEntry": false,
- "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
- "environment": [],
- "console": "externalTerminal"
- },
- {
- "name": "(gdb) Launch",
- "type": "cppdbg",
- "request": "launch",
- "program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
- "args": [],
- "stopAtEntry": false,
- "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
- "environment": [],
- "externalConsole": true,
- "MIMode": "gdb",
- "miDebuggerPath": "E:\\RuanJian_2\\VSCode\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",// 自己电脑的gdb.exe
- "preLaunchTask": "compile",//这里和task.json的label相对应
- "setupCommands": [
- {
- "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
- "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
- "ignoreFailures": true
- }
- ]
-
- }
- ]
- }
-
-
-
-
2、tasks.json:将下面代码复制进去
- {
- "version": "2.0.0",
- "tasks": [
- {
- "label": "compile",
- "type": "shell",
- "command": "gcc", // C语言是用gcc的,如果编译的是C++文件,这需要改为g++
- "args": [
- "-g",
- "${file}",
- "-o",
- "${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
- "-fexec-charset=GBK"//Console窗体输出字符编码 解决控制台中文乱码问题
- ]
- }
- ],
- "presentation": {
- "echo": true,
- "reveal": "always",
- "focus": false,
- "panel": "shared",
- "showReuseMessage": true,
- "clear": false
- }
- }
-
-
-
-
3、settings.json:将下面代码复制进去
- {
- "files.associations": {
- "cmath": "cpp",
- "cstddef": "cpp",
- "cstdint": "cpp",
- "cstdio": "cpp",
- "cstdlib": "cpp",
- "cstring": "cpp",
- "cwchar": "cpp",
- "exception": "cpp",
- "initializer_list": "cpp",
- "ios": "cpp",
- "iosfwd": "cpp",
- "iostream": "cpp",
- "istream": "cpp",
- "limits": "cpp",
- "memory": "cpp",
- "new": "cpp",
- "ostream": "cpp",
- "stdexcept": "cpp",
- "streambuf": "cpp",
- "string": "cpp",
- "system_error": "cpp",
- "tuple": "cpp",
- "type_traits": "cpp",
- "typeinfo": "cpp",
- "utility": "cpp",
- "xfacet": "cpp",
- "xiosbase": "cpp",
- "xlocale": "cpp",
- "xlocinfo": "cpp",
- "xlocnum": "cpp",
- "xmemory": "cpp",
- "xmemory0": "cpp",
- "xstddef": "cpp",
- "xstring": "cpp",
- "xtr1common": "cpp",
- "xutility": "cpp",
- "stdio.h": "c"
- }
- }
-
4、c_cpp_properties.json:将下面代码复制进去
注意: 需要修改的地方includePath和path换成自己安装mingw64的目录
- {
- "configurations": [
- {
- "name": "Win32",
- "includePath": [ // 如果使用别人的库,路径就要加到includePath和browse里
- "${workspaceRoot}",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/include/**", // 需要改成自己的mingw64目录
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include"
- ],
- "defines": [
- "_DEBUG",
- "UNICODE",
- "__GNUC__=6",
- "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
- ],
- "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
- "browse": {
- "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
- "databaseFilename": "",
- "path": [
- "${workspaceRoot}",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/include/**", // 需要改成自己的mingw64目录
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
- "E:/RuanJian_2/VSCode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include"
- ]
- }
- }
- ],
- "version": 4
- }
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- // 输出你好
- int main(){
- printf("Hello,你好");
- return 0;
- }
-
-
Run build Task
C/C++:gcc.exe 生成活动文件
成功截图
如果你想debug,打断点,Run —> start debugging 即可!