对于很多小项目来说,不需要搭建专门的数据库系统(例如用SQLite搭建本地数据库),这时可以用ini配置文件实现一个最基本的数据库,实现数据库最基本的增删改查功能。
ini配置文件的用法参考我以前写的文章:https://www.cdsy.xyz/computer/programme/dotNet/230627/cd44380.html
这种配置文件的结构如下:
[section1]
key1=value1
key2=value2
[section2]
key3=value3
key4=value4
……
具体配置文件如下:
如果要想让这个数据库可视化,在winform中用若干个ComboBox控件是合适的选择。简略界面如下:
要达到这一目的需要实现的功能如下:
① 需要将广东省、江苏省、北京市这3个section添加到cmb_address控件的Items中。
② 当选择不同的section时,需将该section名下所有条目的key值添加到cmb_name控件的Items中;当切换cmb_address的选项时,cmb_name的内容也会随之切换。
③ 当点击“删除”时,将删除当前section名下选定的那条“key=value”记录。
④ 当点击“修改”时,将使用tbx_value的值修改当前选中的section和key所对应的value值。
至于数据库的“增”和“查”功能,那是ini配置文件的最基本的操作,用对应的SetValue()和GetValue()方法就能轻易实现,在此不再赘述。
1、将所有section添加到一个List列表中的代码实现:
- public void GetAllSections(string iniFileName, out List<string> SectionsList)
- {
- SectionsList = new List<string>();
- string fileText = "";
-
- try
- {
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(iniFileName, Encoding.Default);
- fileText = sr.ReadToEnd();
- sr.Close();//这一句一定要加
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + iniFileName + "不存在或错误!");
- return;
- }
-
-
- try
- {
- string[] _split = fileText.Split(new Char[] { '[' });
-
- //由于上面是用“[”分割的,因此下面的i从1开始
- for (int i = 1; i < _split.Count(); i++)
- {
- string[] split_temp = _split[i].Split(new Char[] { ']' });
-
- if (split_temp[0].Trim() != "")
- {
- SectionsList.Add(split_temp[0].Trim());
- }
- }
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- //这里我就什么也不做,这是坠吼的!
- }
- }
2、获得指定section下的所有key值,并将它们添加到List列表中的代码实现:
- public void GetAllKeys(string iniFileName, out List<string> keysList, int Section_index)
- {
- keysList = new List<string>();
- string fileText = "";
-
- try
- {
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(iniFileName, Encoding.Default);
- fileText = sr.ReadToEnd();
- sr.Close();//这一句一定要加
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + iniFileName + "不存在或错误!");
- return;
- }
-
- try
- {
- //先把所有的[section]去掉
- string[] _split = fileText.Split(new Char[] { '[' });
- string[] split_temp = _split[Section_index + 1].Split(new Char[] { ']' });
-
- string text_key_value = split_temp[1];//获得section索引为Section_index下的key和value的文本
-
- text_key_value = text_key_value.Replace("\r\n", "?");//将换行符换成?,便于后面进一步分割
- string[] KeyLists_temp = text_key_value.Split(new char[] { '?' });//按‘?’分割,注意可能会有空字符串数组元素
-
- //将分割出来的每一个非空key加入到keysList里面去
- for (int i = 1; i < KeyLists_temp.Count(); i++)
- {
- if (KeyLists_temp[i].Trim() != "")
- {
- string _key = KeyLists_temp[i].Split(new char[] { '=' })[0];
- if (_key.Trim() != "")
- {
- keysList.Add(_key.Trim());
- }
- }
- }
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + iniFileName + "不存在或错误!");
- }
-
-
-
- }
3、将List中的值添加到ComboBox控件的Item中的代码实现:
- public void AddList_ToCmb(List<string> _infoList, ComboBox _cmbBox)
- {
- for (int i = 0; i < _infoList.Count; i++)
- {
- _cmbBox.Items.Add(_infoList[i]);
- }
- }
整个程序完整代码如下:
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- using System.Text;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles;
-
- namespace test1
- {
- public partial class CustomManage : Form
- {
- public CustomManage()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
- }
-
-
- private void customManage_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- List<string> _listSections = new List<string>();
- List<string> _listKeys = new List<string>();
-
- GetAllSections("companyInfo.ini", out _listSections);
- AddList_ToCmb(_listSections, cmb_address);
-
- GetAllKeys("companyInfo.ini", out _listKeys, 0);
- AddList_ToCmb(_listKeys, cmb_name);
- }
-
-
- private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- //清空原有数据
- int index = cmb_address.SelectedIndex;
- cmb_name.Items.Clear();
- cmb_name.Text = "";
-
- //重新获得对应section下的key值的列表,并添加到cmb_Name中
- List<string> _nameList = new List<string>();
- GetAllKeys("companyInfo.ini", out _nameList, index);
- AddList_ToCmb(_nameList, cmb_name);
- }
-
-
- //删除条目
- private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- string _fileName = "companyInfo.ini";
- try
- {
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(_fileName, Encoding.Default);
- string str = sr.ReadToEnd();
- sr.Close();
-
- //该删除方式有缺陷,要求“=”两侧不能有空格,否则会删除失败(以后可以考虑用正则匹配一下)
- string _deleteItem = cmb_name.Text + "=" + GetValue(_fileName, cmb_address.Text, cmb_name.Text);
- str = str.Replace(_deleteItem, "");
- StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(_fileName, false, Encoding.Default);
-
- sw.Write(str);
- sw.Flush();
- sw.Close();
-
- MessageBox.Show("删除成功!");
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + _fileName + "不存在或错误!");
- }
- }
-
-
- //修改条目
- private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {
- string _fileName = "companyInfo.ini";
- SetValue(_fileName, cmb_address.Text.Trim(), cmb_name.Text.Trim(), tbx_value.Text.Trim());
-
- MessageBox.Show("修改成功!");
- }
-
- /// <summary> 获得所有的section
- ///
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="iniFileName"></param>
- /// <param name="SectionsList"></param>
- public void GetAllSections(string iniFileName, out List<string> SectionsList)
- {
- SectionsList = new List<string>();
- string fileText = "";
-
- try
- {
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(iniFileName, Encoding.Default);
- fileText = sr.ReadToEnd();
- sr.Close();//这一句一定要加
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + iniFileName + "不存在或错误!");
- return;
- }
-
-
- try
- {
- string[] _split = fileText.Split(new Char[] { '[' });
-
- //由于上面是用“[”分割的,因此下面的i从1开始
- for (int i = 1; i < _split.Count(); i++)
- {
- string[] split_temp = _split[i].Split(new Char[] { ']' });
-
- if (split_temp[0].Trim() != "")
- {
- SectionsList.Add(split_temp[0].Trim());
- }
- }
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- //这里我就什么也不做,这是坠吼的!
- }
- }
-
-
- /// <summary> 获得指定section下的所有key值
- ///
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="iniFileName"></param>
- /// <param name="keysList"></param>
- /// <param name="Section_index"></param>
- public void GetAllKeys(string iniFileName, out List<string> keysList, int Section_index)
- {
- keysList = new List<string>();
- string fileText = "";
-
- try
- {
- StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(iniFileName, Encoding.Default);
- fileText = sr.ReadToEnd();
- sr.Close();//这一句一定要加
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + iniFileName + "不存在或错误!");
- return;
- }
-
- try
- {
- //先把所有的[section]去掉
- string[] _split = fileText.Split(new Char[] { '[' });
- string[] split_temp = _split[Section_index + 1].Split(new Char[] { ']' });
-
- string text_key_value = split_temp[1];//获得section索引为Section_index下的key和value的文本
-
- text_key_value = text_key_value.Replace("\r\n", "?");//将换行符换成?,便于后面进一步分割
- string[] KeyLists_temp = text_key_value.Split(new char[] { '?' });//按‘?’分割,注意可能会有空字符串数组元素
-
- //将分割出来的每一个非空key加入到keysList里面去
- for (int i = 1; i < KeyLists_temp.Count(); i++)
- {
- if (KeyLists_temp[i].Trim() != "")
- {
- string _key = KeyLists_temp[i].Split(new char[] { '=' })[0];
- if (_key.Trim() != "")
- {
- keysList.Add(_key.Trim());
- }
- }
- }
-
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("文件" + iniFileName + "不存在或错误!");
- }
- }
-
-
- /// <summary> 将字符串List中的值添加到ComboBox控件的Item中。
- ///
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="_infoList"></param>
- /// <param name="_cmbBox"></param>
- public void AddList_ToCmb(List<string> _infoList, ComboBox _cmbBox)
- {
- for (int i = 0; i < _infoList.Count; i++)
- {
- _cmbBox.Items.Add(_infoList[i]);
- }
- }
-
-
- #region 读、写ini配置文件的方法
-
- [DllImport("kernel32")]
- private static extern int GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string defVal,
- StringBuilder retVal, int size, string filePath);
-
- [DllImport("kernel32")]
- private static extern long WritePrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string val, string filePath);
-
-
- public string GetValue(string parasFileName, string section, string key)
- {
- var sb = new StringBuilder(255);
- string strPath = Environment.CurrentDirectory + "\\" + parasFileName;
- int i = GetPrivateProfileString(section, key, "该文件不存在", sb, 255, strPath);
- return sb.ToString();
- }
-
-
- public void SetValue(string parasFileName, string section, string key, string value)
- {
- //获得当前路径,当前是在Debug路径下
- string strPath = Environment.CurrentDirectory + "\\" + parasFileName;
- WritePrivateProfileString(section, key, value, strPath);
- }
-
- #endregion
-
-
-
-
- }
- }
注:上面的完整代码为了减少代码量便于阅读,有些功能的实现写得不够完善,具体使用的时候需要自行改进。