IP地址是一个32位的二进制数,通常被分割为4个“8位二进制数”(也就是4个字节)。IP地址通常用“点分十进制”表示成(a.b.c.d)的形式,其中,a,b,c,d都是0~255之间的十进制整数。例:点分十进IP地址(100.4.5.6),实际上是32位二进制数(01100100.00000100.00000101.00000110)。
根据这些特性就能解析出ip地址
代码:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
print "IP str转IP int 解决函数解决方案"
def to_int(ip_str):
print "ip_str: ", ip_str
i = 0
ip_int = 0
for ip_part in ip_str.split('.')[::-1]:
# for ip_part in ip_str.split('.'):
print ip_part
ip_int = ip_int + int(ip_part) * 256**i
i += 1
print "ip_int: ", ip_int
return ip_int
ip_int = to_int("7.91.205.21")
输出:
IP str转IP int 解决函数解决方案
ip_str: 7.91.205.21
21
205
91
7
ip_int: 123456789
print "IP str转IP int 一行lambda 解决"
ip_str_to_int = lambda x: sum([256**j*int(i) for j,i in enumerate(x.split('.')[::-1])])
print ip_str_to_int('7.91.205.21')
代码:
print "IP int转IP str 函数解决方案"
def to_ip(ip_int):
s = []
for i in range(4):
ip_part = str(ip_int % 256)
s.append(ip_part)
ip_int /= 256
print "ip_part: ", ip_part
print s
print s[::-1]
return '.'.join(s[::-1])
print to_ip(ip_int=123456789)
输出:
IP int转IP str 一行lambda 解决
ip_part: 21
ip_part: 205
ip_part: 91
ip_part: 7
['21', '205', '91', '7']
['7', '91', '205', '21']
7.91.205.21
print "IP int转IP str 一行lambda 解决"
ip_int_to_str = lambda x: '.'.join([str(x/(256**i) % 256) for i in range(4)][::-1])
print ip_int_to_str(123456789)
#1、 开多次方的写法
print "2**3: ", 2**3 # 8
print "3**4: ", 3**4 # 81
tmp_list = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
#2、 提示 [::-1]是数组元素反转
print "tmp_list: ", tmp_list
# tmp_list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
print "reverse tmp_list:", tmp_list[::-1]
# reverse tmp_list: [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
#3、打印下表小于end_pos的元素[0,end_pos)
end_pos=2
for e in tmp_list[:end_pos]:
print e
'''
1
2
'''
#4、打印list中一段元素[start_pos,end_pos)
start_pos=1
end_pos=4
for e in tmp_list[start_pos:end_pos]:
print e
'''
2
3
4
'''
#5、从下标0开始,每隔 正step元素 打印元素
step=2
for e in tmp_list[::step]:
print e
'''
1
3
5
7
'''
#6、从下标len(tmp_list)-1开始,每隔 负step元素 打印元素
step=-2
for e in tmp_list[::step]:
print e
'''
7
5
3
1
'''
#7、 enumerate() 函数用于将一个可遍历的数据对象(如列表、元组或字符串)组合为一个索引序列,同时列出数据和数据下标,
# 一般用在 for 循环当中。Python 2.3. 以上版本可用,2.6 添加 start 参数。
for j, i in enumerate('7.91.205.21'.split('.')):
print j, i
'''
0 7
1 91
2 205
3 21
'''
for j, i in enumerate('7.91.205.21'.split('.')[::-1]):
print j, i
'''
0 21
1 205
2 91
3 7
'''
package com.guozz.mianshiti.test19;
import java.net.InetAddress;
public class IPv4Util {
private final static int INADDRSZ = 4;
/**
* 把IP地址转化为字节数组
* @param ipAddr
* @return byte[]
*/
public static byte[] ipToBytesByInet(String ipAddr) {
try {
return InetAddress.getByName(ipAddr).getAddress();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(ipAddr + " is invalid IP");
}
}
/**
* 把IP地址转化为int
* @param ipAddr
* @return int
*/
public static byte[] ipToBytesByReg(String ipAddr) {
byte[] ret = new byte[4];
try {
String[] ipArr = ipAddr.split("\\.");
ret[0] = (byte) (Integer.parseInt(ipArr[0]) & 0xFF);
ret[1] = (byte) (Integer.parseInt(ipArr[1]) & 0xFF);
ret[2] = (byte) (Integer.parseInt(ipArr[2]) & 0xFF);
ret[3] = (byte) (Integer.parseInt(ipArr[3]) & 0xFF);
return ret;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(ipAddr + " is invalid IP");
}
}
/**
* 字节数组转化为IP
* @param bytes
* @return int
*/
public static String bytesToIp(byte[] bytes) {
return new StringBuffer().append(bytes[0] & 0xFF).append('.').append(
bytes[1] & 0xFF).append('.').append(bytes[2] & 0xFF)
.append('.').append(bytes[3] & 0xFF).toString();
}
/**
* 根据位运算把 byte[] -> int
* @param bytes
* @return int
*/
public static int bytesToInt(byte[] bytes) {
int addr = bytes[3] & 0xFF;
addr |= ((bytes[2] << 8) & 0xFF00);
addr |= ((bytes[1] << 16) & 0xFF0000);
addr |= ((bytes[0] << 24) & 0xFF000000);
return addr;
}
/**
* 把IP地址转化为int
* @param ipAddr
* @return int
*/
public static int ipToInt(String ipAddr) {
try {
return bytesToInt(ipToBytesByInet(ipAddr));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(ipAddr + " is invalid IP");
}
}
/**
* ipInt -> byte[]
* @param ipInt
* @return byte[]
*/
public static byte[] intToBytes(int ipInt) {
byte[] ipAddr = new byte[INADDRSZ];
ipAddr[0] = (byte) ((ipInt >>> 24) & 0xFF);
ipAddr[1] = (byte) ((ipInt >>> 16) & 0xFF);
ipAddr[2] = (byte) ((ipInt >>> 8) & 0xFF);
ipAddr[3] = (byte) (ipInt & 0xFF);
return ipAddr;
}
/**
* 把int->ip地址
* @param ipInt
* @return String
*/
public static String intToIp(int ipInt) {
return new StringBuilder().append(((ipInt >> 24) & 0xff)).append('.')
.append((ipInt >> 16) & 0xff).append('.').append(
(ipInt >> 8) & 0xff).append('.').append((ipInt & 0xff))
.toString();
}
/**
* 把192.168.1.1/24 转化为int数组范围
* @param ipAndMask
* @return int[]
*/
public static int[] getIPIntScope(String ipAndMask) {
String[] ipArr = ipAndMask.split("/");
if (ipArr.length != 2) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid ipAndMask with: "
+ ipAndMask);
}
int netMask = Integer.valueOf(ipArr[1].trim());
if (netMask < 0 || netMask > 31) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid ipAndMask with: "
+ ipAndMask);
}
int ipInt = IPv4Util.ipToInt(ipArr[0]);
int netIP = ipInt & (0xFFFFFFFF << (32 - netMask));
int hostScope = (0xFFFFFFFF >>> netMask);
return new int[] { netIP, netIP + hostScope };
}
/**
* 把192.168.1.1/24 转化为IP数组范围
* @param ipAndMask
* @return String[]
*/
public static String[] getIPAddrScope(String ipAndMask) {
int[] ipIntArr = IPv4Util.getIPIntScope(ipAndMask);
return new String[] { IPv4Util.intToIp(ipIntArr[0]),
IPv4Util.intToIp(ipIntArr[0]) };
}
/**
* 根据IP 子网掩码(192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0)转化为IP段
* @param ipAddr ipAddr
* @param mask mask
* @return int[]
*/
public static int[] getIPIntScope(String ipAddr, String mask) {
int ipInt;
int netMaskInt = 0, ipcount = 0;
try {
ipInt = IPv4Util.ipToInt(ipAddr);
if (null == mask || "".equals(mask)) {
return new int[] { ipInt, ipInt };
}
netMaskInt = IPv4Util.ipToInt(mask);
ipcount = IPv4Util.ipToInt("255.255.255.255") - netMaskInt;
int netIP = ipInt & netMaskInt;
int hostScope = netIP + ipcount;
return new int[] { netIP, hostScope };
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid ip scope express ip:"
+ ipAddr + " mask:" + mask);
}
}
/**
* 根据IP 子网掩码(192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0)转化为IP段
* @param ipAddr ipAddr
* @param mask mask
* @return String[]
*/
public static String[] getIPStrScope(String ipAddr, String mask) {
int[] ipIntArr = IPv4Util.getIPIntScope(ipAddr, mask);
return new String[] { IPv4Util.intToIp(ipIntArr[0]),
IPv4Util.intToIp(ipIntArr[0]) };
}
/**
* @param args
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String ipAddr = "192.168.8.1";
byte[] bytearr = IPv4Util.ipToBytesByInet(ipAddr);
StringBuffer byteStr = new StringBuffer();
for (byte b : bytearr) {
if (byteStr.length() == 0) {
byteStr.append(b);
} else {
byteStr.append("," + b);
}
}
System.out.println("IP: " + ipAddr + " ByInet --> byte[]: [ " + byteStr
+ " ]");
bytearr = IPv4Util.ipToBytesByReg(ipAddr);
byteStr = new StringBuffer();
for (byte b : bytearr) {
if (byteStr.length() == 0) {
byteStr.append(b);
} else {
byteStr.append("," + b);
}
}
System.out.println("IP: " + ipAddr + " ByReg --> byte[]: [ " + byteStr
+ " ]");
System.out.println("byte[]: " + byteStr + " --> IP: "
+ IPv4Util.bytesToIp(bytearr));
int ipInt = IPv4Util.ipToInt(ipAddr);
System.out.println("IP: " + ipAddr + " --> int: " + ipInt);
System.out.println("int: " + ipInt + " --> IP: "
+ IPv4Util.intToIp(ipInt));
String ipAndMask = "192.168.1.1/24";
int[] ipscope = IPv4Util.getIPIntScope(ipAndMask);
System.out.println(ipAndMask + " --> int地址段:[ " + ipscope[0] + ","
+ ipscope[1] + " ]");
System.out.println(ipAndMask + " --> IP 地址段:[ "
+ IPv4Util.intToIp(ipscope[0]) + ","
+ IPv4Util.intToIp(ipscope[1]) + " ]");
String ipAddr1 = "192.168.1.1", ipMask1 = "255.255.255.0";
int[] ipscope1 = IPv4Util.getIPIntScope(ipAddr1, ipMask1);
System.out.println(ipAddr1 + " , " + ipMask1 + " --> int地址段 :[ "
+ ipscope1[0] + "," + ipscope1[1] + " ]");
System.out.println(ipAddr1 + " , " + ipMask1 + " --> IP地址段 :[ "
+ IPv4Util.intToIp(ipscope1[0]) + ","
+ IPv4Util.intToIp(ipscope1[1]) + " ]");
}
}