python并发模块concurrent中的ThreadPoolExecutor并发爬取图片

python并发模块concurrent中的ThreadPoolExecutor并发爬取图片

该网站有反爬措施，可以换个网址

使用submit方法来往线程池中加入一个task(pow函数)，submit返回一个Future对象。其中future.result()的result方法的作用是拿到调用返回的结果。如果没有执行完毕就会去等待。

# 并发爬取
import time,re,os
import requests
import hashlib
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

pool = ThreadPoolExecutor(20)
start_url = 'https://www.dushu.com'
file_path = './imgs'
if not os.path.exists(file_path):
    os.makedirs(file_path)

def get_index_page(url):
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.105 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':url,
    }
    resp = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    resp.iter_content()
    print(resp.cookies.get_dict())
    if resp.status_code == 200:
        txt = resp.content.decode('utf-8')
        # with open("1.html","w",encoding='utf-8')as f:
        #     f.write(txt)
        return txt

# 获取书籍url
def parse_index(index_page):
    index_page = index_page.result()
    book_urls = re.findall(r'<div class="book-info">.*?<a href="(.*?)"',index_page,re.S)
    for book_url in book_urls:
        pool.submit(get_index_page,start_url + book_url).add_done_callback(get_detail_page)

# 获取封面图url
def get_detail_page(book_page):
    book_page = book_page.result()
    img_urls = re.findall(r'<div class="pic">.*?<img src="(.*?)"', book_page, re.S)
    if img_urls:
        pool.submit(get_img,img_urls[0])
# 保存图片
def get_img(img_url):
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.105 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer': 'https://www.dushu.com/book/13772054/',
    }
    resp = requests.get(img_url,headers=headers)
    print(resp.status_code,book_url)
    m = hashlib.md5()
    m.update(str(time.time()).encode('utf-8'))
    m.update(img_url.encode('utf-8'))
    img_path = '%s/%s.jpg'%(file_path,m.hexdigest())
    with open(img_path,'wb')as f:
        f.write(resp.content)
        print("完成下载")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    base_url = 'https://www.dushu.com/book/1158_{}.html'
    for i in range(1,2):
        time.sleep(1)
        url = base_url.format(i)
        pool.submit(get_index_page,url).add_done_callback(parse_index)

以下是非并发，可以下载图片：

import time,re,os
import requests
import hashlib

start_url = 'https://www.dushu.com'
file_path = './imgs'
if not os.path.exists(file_path):
    os.makedirs(file_path)

def get_index_page(url):
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.105 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':url,
    }
    resp = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    if resp.status_code == 200:
        txt = resp.content.decode('utf-8')
        # with open("1.html","w",encoding='utf-8')as f:
        #     f.write(txt)
        return txt
# 获取书籍url
def parse_index(index_page):
    # img_urls = re.findall(r'<div class="book-info">.*?data-original="(.*?)"',index_page,re.S)
    book_urls = re.findall(r'<div class="book-info">.*?<a href="(.*?)"',index_page,re.S)
    for book_url in book_urls:
        yield start_url + book_url

# 获取封面图url
def get_detail_page(book_page):
    img_urls = re.findall(r'<div class="pic">.*?<img src="(.*?)"', book_page, re.S)
    if img_urls:
        return img_urls[0]
# 保存图片
def get_img(img_url,book_url):
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.105 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer': book_url,
    }
    resp = requests.get(img_url,headers=headers)
    m = hashlib.md5()
    m.update(str(time.time()).encode('utf-8'))
    m.update(img_url.encode('utf-8'))
    img_path = '%s/%s.jpg'%(file_path,m.hexdigest())
    with open(img_path,'wb')as f:
        f.write(resp.content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    base_url = 'https://www.dushu.com/book/1158_{}.html'
    # 控制爬取的页数
    for i in range(1,2):
        time.sleep(1)
        url = base_url.format(i)
        index_page = get_index_page(url)
        book_urls = parse_index(index_page)
        for book_url in book_urls:
            book_page = get_index_page(book_url)
            img_url = get_detail_page(book_page)
            get_img(img_url,book_url)

参考：https://www.cdsy.xyz/computer/programme/Python/241210/cd64984.html

视频例子：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1CE411i73L?p=4