Python3爬取西刺代理前2页国内高匿代理IP并验证有效性，若获取失败，使用快代理获取IP存入表格中

时间：12-09来源：作者：点击数：12
导入的ExcelUtil包：https://www.cdsy.xyz/computer/programme/Python/241209/cd64893.html
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8

# 爬取西刺代理前2页国内高匿代理IP并验证有效性
# 西刺代理若获取失败，使用快代理获取IP
# https://www.xicidaili.com/nn/1
import urllib.request
from lxml import etree
import time,random,os
from openpyxl import Workbook
from process_excel import ExcelUtil
import requests


# 获取
class GetProxy(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.USER_AGENT_LIST = [
            'MSIE (MSIE 6.0; X11; Linux; i686) Opera 7.23',
            'Opera/9.20 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X; U; en)',
            'Opera/9.0 (Macintosh; PPC Mac OS X; U; en)',
            'iTunes/9.0.3 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_2; en-ca)',
            'Mozilla/4.76 [en_jp] (X11; U; SunOS 5.8 sun4u)',
            'iTunes/4.2 (Macintosh; U; PPC Mac OS X 10.2)',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:5.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/5.0',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:9.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/9.0',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.8; rv:16.0) Gecko/20120813 Firefox/16.0',
            'Mozilla/4.77 [en] (X11; I; IRIX;64 6.5 IP30)',
            'Mozilla/4.8 [en] (X11; U; SunOS; 5.7 sun4u)',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.62 Safari/537.36'
        ]
        # 获取的所有IP列表,包含存活时间、验证时间，列表形式储存在表格中
        self.list_all_ip = []
        self.wb = Workbook()
        self.data = ['序号','代理IP','最后验证时间','验证使用字段','是否有效']
    # 获取IP
    def getProxy(self):
        print("获取代理IP数据中......")
        for page in range(1,3):
            time.sleep(2)
            try:
                print("尝试从西刺代理获取...")
                headers = {
                    "Host": "www.xicidaili.com",
                    "User-Agent": random.choice(self.USER_AGENT_LIST),
                }
                url = "https://www.xicidaili.com/nn/"
                request = urllib.request.Request(url+str(page),headers=headers)
                response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
                html_ = response.read().decode('utf-8')
                # with open("xici-" + str(page)+".html","w",encoding="utf-8")as f:
                #     f.write(html_)
                html = etree.HTML(html_)
                # 获取IP地址  116.209.56.240
                ip_add = html.xpath('//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr/td[2]/text()')
                # 获取端口  9999
                port = html.xpath('//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr/td[3]/text()')
                # 获取类型 HTTP
                ip_type = html.xpath('//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr/td[6]/text()')
                # 获取存活时间
                # live_time = html.xpath('//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr/td[9]/text()')
                # 获取验证时间
                verify_time = html.xpath('//*[@id="ip_list"]//tr/td[10]/text()')
            except:
                print("西刺代理获取失败，使用快代理获取IP...")
                headers = {
                    "Host": "www.kuaidaili.com",
                    "User-Agent": random.choice(self.USER_AGENT_LIST),
                }
                url = "https://www.kuaidaili.com/free/inha/"
                request = urllib.request.Request(url + str(page), headers=headers)
                response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
                html_ = response.read().decode('utf-8')
                # with open("kuaidai-" + str(page)+".html","w",encoding="utf-8")as f:
                #     f.write(html_)
                html = etree.HTML(html_)
                # 获取IP地址  116.209.56.240
                ip_add = html.xpath('//*[@id="list"]//tbody/tr/td[1]/text()')
                # 获取端口  9999
                port = html.xpath('//*[@id="list"]//tbody/tr/td[2]/text()')
                # 获取类型 HTTP
                ip_type = html.xpath('//*[@id="list"]//tbody/tr/td[4]/text()')
                # 获取验证时间
                verify_time = html.xpath('//*[@id="list"]//tbody/tr/td[7]/text()')

            length = len(ip_add)
            for i in range(length):
                # urllib.request.ProxyHandler()需要字典形式参数,如下：
                # {"https":"https://94.142.27.4:3128"}
                ip_dic = {}
                list_ip = []
                time.sleep(0.02)
                # print("\r获取代理IP数据进度-{:.2f}%".format((i+1)*100/length),end="")
                # print("获取代理IP数据进度：第%d页（%d/%d）"%(page,(i+1),length))
                # 组合后的IP地址 https://94.142.27.4:3128
                group_ip_add = ip_type[i].lower() + '://' + ip_add[i] + ':' + port[i]
                ip_dic[ip_type[i].lower()] = group_ip_add
                list_ip.append(group_ip_add)
                list_ip.append(verify_time[i])
                list_ip.append(str(ip_dic))
                list_ip.append("是")
                self.list_all_ip.append(list_ip)
        print(">>>>获取完毕。")
        # 存入表格
        self.process_excel(self.list_all_ip)
    # 从表格获取数据验证
    def isActiveProxy(self,data,filePath):
        print("验证代理IP数据中......")
        length = len(data)
        # 统计有效的个数
        count = 0
        for i in range(length):
            # 空代理测试用
            # proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({})
            proxy_ip = {}
            try:
                # 要将str类型转换为映射关系
                # print("尝试验证第%d个代理IP中..."%(i+1))
                # print("\r验证代理IP数据进度:{:.2f}%".format((i + 1) * 100 / length), end="")
                proxy_ip = eval(data[i]['验证使用字段'])
                # 第一种方法
                response = requests.get(url= 'http://www.baidu.com/', headers= {'User-Agent':random.choice(self.USER_AGENT_LIST)},proxies=proxy_ip, timeout=5)
                if response.status_code == 200:
                    ExcelUtil(filePath).write_excel(i + 2, 5, '有效', filePath)
                    count += 1
                # 第二种方法好像不行，进行到一点就没反应了
                # proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler(proxy_ip)
                # opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy)
                # opener.addheaders = [("User-Agent",random.choice(self.USER_AGENT_LIST))]
                # 如果这么写，就是将opener应用到全局，之后所有的，
                # 不管是opener.open()还是urlopen() 发送请求，都将使用自定义代理。
                # urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
                # request = urllib.request.Request('http://www.baidu.com/')
                # response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
                # if response.code == 200:
                #     ExcelUtil(filePath).write_excel(i + 2, 5, '有效', filePath)
                #     count += 1
            except Exception as e:
                print("失败IP：",proxy_ip)
                ExcelUtil(filePath).write_excel(i + 2, 5, '否', filePath)
        print("\n验证完毕。")
        return count
    # 表格处理
    def process_excel(self,list_all_ip=None):
        print("将获取的IP写入表格中...")
        ws = self.wb.active
        ws.title = "代理IP列表"
        # 冻结首行
        ws.freeze_panes = 'A2'
        ws.column_dimensions['A'].width = 7
        ws.column_dimensions['B'].width = 31
        ws.column_dimensions['C'].width = 19
        ws.column_dimensions['D'].width = 42
        # 写表头
        for head in range(1, len(self.data) + 1):
            _ = ws.cell(row=1, column=head, value=self.data[head - 1])
        for i in range(len(list_all_ip)):
                _ = ws.cell(row=i+2, column=1, value=i+1)
                for j in range(len(list_all_ip[i])):
                    _ = ws.cell(row=i+2, column=j+2, value=list_all_ip[i][j])
        self.wb.save(self.path + '\\代理IP.xlsx')

    # 判断是否有IP表格
    def switch_ip(self):
        # 防止反复获取数据，这里增加一个计数，大于三次停止获取
        get_num = 0
        self.path = os.path.dirname(os.getcwd())
        while True:
            # 获取当前目录下所有文件
            dirlist = os.listdir(self.path)
            if get_num < 3:
                if '代理IP.xlsx' in dirlist:
                    print("本地有表格。")
                    # 如果有就去验证
                    data = ExcelUtil(self.path+"\\代理IP.xlsx").dict_data()
                    # 有效个数大于等于6返回真
                    count = self.isActiveProxy(data,self.path+"\\代理IP.xlsx")
                    if count >= 6:
                        return data
                    else:
                        get_num += 1
                        print("有效IP个数:%d小于6，重新获取:第%d次"%(count,get_num))
                        # 去获取
                        self.getProxy()
                else:
                    print("无表格，需要获取...")
                    self.getProxy()
                    # self.process_excel()
                    get_num += 1
            else:
                print("ERROR:同一时间获取IP次数超过三次，请稍后再试！")
                return False


if __name__ == "__main__":
    get = GetProxy()
    get.switch_ip()