爬取百度招聘，链接：https://talent.baidu.com/external/baidu/index.html#/social/2

首先我们先打开链接看一下数据是否在响应的html源码中，打开之后我们宁没有发现，那他就是动态加载的，

这时我们就找到了，通过ajax进行加载，我们直接对这个链接进行发送请求 https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9&recruitType=2&pageSize=10&curPage=1&keyWord=&_=1611122380527，这时我们发现 work_palce是工作地址，curPage是当前页，我们直接开始写代码，这是一个json数据，我们使用json模块进行loads一下转换为字典，方便我们取值

import requests
import json
import csv


class Baidu(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9&recruitType=2' \
                   '&pageSize=10&curPage=1&keyWord=&_=1608559330677 '
        self.headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
                          'Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36 '
        }

    def get_data(self):
        response = requests.get(url=self.url, headers=self.headers)
        print(response.url)
        return response

    def parse_data(self,response):
        data = json.loads(response.content)
        data_list = data["postList"]
        data_node = list()
        for node in data_list:
            temp= {}
            try:
                temp['序列'] = node["postId"]
            except:
                temp['序列'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作名称'] = node["name"]
            except:
                temp['工作名称'] =None
            try:
                temp['日期'] = node["publishDate"]
            except:
                temp['日期'] = None
            try:
                temp['类型'] = node["postType"]
            except:
                temp['类型'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作地址'] = node["workPlace"]
            except:
                temp['工作地址'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作经验'] = node["workYears"]
            except:
                temp['工作经验'] = None
            try:
                temp['人数'] = node["recruitNum"]
            except:
                temp['人数'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作类型'] = node["workType"]
            except:
                temp['工作类型']  = None
            try:
                temp['学历'] = node["education"]
            except:
                temp['学历'] = None
            try:
                temp['描述'] = node["serviceCondition"].replace("<br>-","").replace('\r','').replace('-','')
            except:
                temp['描述'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作要求'] = node["workContent"].replace("<br>-","").replace('\r','').replace('-','')
            except:
                temp['工作要求'] = None
            try:
                temp['公司名字'] = node["orgName"]
            except:
                temp['公司名字'] = None
            data_node.append(temp)
        return data_node

    def save_data(self,data_node):
                for data in data_node:
                    csv_writer.writerow([data['序列'],data['工作名称'],data['日期'],data['类型'],data['工作地址'],data['工作经验'],data['人数'],data['工作类型'],data['学历'],
                                 data['描述'],data['工作要求'],data['公司名字']])


    def run(self):
        response = self.get_data()
        data_node = self.parse_data(response)
        self.save_data(data_node)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    head = ['序列', '工作名称', '日期', '类型', '工作地址', '工作经验', '人数', '工作类型', '学历',
            '描述', '工作要求', '公司名字']
    with open('百度招聘.csv', 'a', newline='', encoding="gb18030") as f:
        csv_writer = csv.writer(f)
        csv_writer.writerow(head)
        baidu = Baidu()
        baidu.run()

我们现在能拿到一页的数据了，我们再看下链接变化：

第一页：https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9&recruitType=2&pageSize=10&curPage=1&keyWord=&_=1611122380527

第二页：https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?postType=&workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9&recruitType=2&keyWord=&pageSize=10&curPage=2&keyWord2=&_=1611122990856

我们会发现curPage是控制页码的，那我们就直接拼接成，代码如下:

    def next_page(self):
        for i in range(2, 243):
            next_url = 'https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9' \
                       '&recruitType=2&pageSize=10&curPage={}&keyWord=&_=1608559330677'.format(i)
            self.url = next_url
            response = self.get_data()
            data_node = self.parse_data(response)
            self.save_data(data_node)

这样就实现了翻页效果，并且把数据存到了csv，方便以后的读取和使用，至于上边为什么try、except，是因为在取值的时候有些为空，抛出异常，那我们就阻止抛出异常！

总代码如下:

import requests
import json
import csv


class Baidu(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9&recruitType=2' \
                   '&pageSize=10&curPage=1&keyWord=&_=1608559330677 '
        self.headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) '
                          'Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36 '
        }

    def get_data(self):
        response = requests.get(url=self.url, headers=self.headers)
        print(response.url)
        return response

    def parse_data(self,response):
        data = json.loads(response.content)
        data_list = data["postList"]
        data_node = list()
        for node in data_list:
            temp= {}
            try:
                temp['序列'] = node["postId"]
            except:
                temp['序列'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作名称'] = node["name"]
            except:
                temp['工作名称'] =None
            try:
                temp['日期'] = node["publishDate"]
            except:
                temp['日期'] = None
            try:
                temp['类型'] = node["postType"]
            except:
                temp['类型'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作地址'] = node["workPlace"]
            except:
                temp['工作地址'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作经验'] = node["workYears"]
            except:
                temp['工作经验'] = None
            try:
                temp['人数'] = node["recruitNum"]
            except:
                temp['人数'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作类型'] = node["workType"]
            except:
                temp['工作类型']  = None
            try:
                temp['学历'] = node["education"]
            except:
                temp['学历'] = None
            try:
                temp['描述'] = node["serviceCondition"].replace("<br>-","").replace('\r','').replace('-','')
            except:
                temp['描述'] = None
            try:
                temp['工作要求'] = node["workContent"].replace("<br>-","").replace('\r','').replace('-','')
            except:
                temp['工作要求'] = None
            try:
                temp['公司名字'] = node["orgName"]
            except:
                temp['公司名字'] = None
            data_node.append(temp)
        return data_node

    def save_data(self,data_node):
                for data in data_node:
                    csv_writer.writerow([data['序列'],data['工作名称'],data['日期'],data['类型'],data['工作地址'],data['工作经验'],data['人数'],data['工作类型'],data['学历'],
                                 data['描述'],data['工作要求'],data['公司名字']])

    def next_page(self):
        for i in range(2, 243):
            next_url = 'https://talent.baidu.com/baidu/web/httpservice/getPostList?workPlace=0%2F4%2F7%2F9' \
                       '&recruitType=2&pageSize=10&curPage={}&keyWord=&_=1608559330677'.format(i)
            self.url = next_url
            response = self.get_data()
            data_node = self.parse_data(response)
            self.save_data(data_node)


    def run(self):
        response = self.get_data()
        data_node = self.parse_data(response)
        self.save_data(data_node)
        self.next_page()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    head = ['序列', '工作名称', '日期', '类型', '工作地址', '工作经验', '人数', '工作类型', '学历',
            '描述', '工作要求', '公司名字']
    with open('百度招聘.csv', 'a', newline='', encoding="gb18030") as f:
        csv_writer = csv.writer(f)
        csv_writer.writerow(head)
        baidu = Baidu()
        baidu.run()

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