爬取单页

import requests
from lxml import etree

if __name__=="__main__":
    headers={
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.45 Safari/537.36'
    }

    url='https://www.anquan123.com/'
    resp=requests.get(url=url,headers=headers).text

    # fp=open('a.html','w',encoding='utf-8')
    # fp.write(resp)
    # fp.close()

    #数据解析
    tree=etree.HTML(resp)
    ul_list=tree.xpath('/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[2]/ul/li[2]/ul/li')
    #print(ul_list)
    for li in ul_list:
        #wang_url=li.xpath('./span/a/text()')[0]
        #去除空格
        wang_url = li.xpath('normalize-space(./span/a/text())')
        #wang_url='https://'+wang_url
        print(wang_url)

        name=li.xpath('./span[2]/text()')[0]
        print(name)

爬取单页：保存为csv

import requests
from lxml import etree
import pandas as pd

def get_data():
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.45 Safari/537.36'
    }

    url = 'https://www.anquan123.com/'
    resp = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers).text

    # fp=open('a.html','w',encoding='utf-8')
    # fp.write(resp)
    # fp.close()

    a_url=[]    #存储网址
    a_type=[]   #存储类型

    # 数据解析
    tree = etree.HTML(resp)
    ul_list = tree.xpath('/html/body/div[3]/div/div[3]/div[2]/ul/li[2]/ul/li')
    # print(ul_list)
    for li in ul_list:
        # wang_url=li.xpath('./span/a/text()')[0]
        # 去除空格
        wang_url = li.xpath('normalize-space(./span/a/text())')
        wang_url = 'https://' + wang_url
        a_url.append(wang_url)
        #print(wang_url)

        name = li.xpath('./span[2]/text()')[0]
        #print(name)
        a_type.append(name)
    # print(a_url)
    # print(a_type)

    return a_url,a_type


#存储为csv网址
def Cun(a_url,a_type):
    #字典
    dic={
        '网址':a_url,
        '类型':a_type,
    }
   #print(dic)

    # 将字典转换成为数据框
    df = pd.DataFrame(dic)
    #print(dic)

    # 保存到本地csv
    df.to_csv("data.csv", encoding='utf-8', index=False)
    print('保存完成！')

if __name__=="__main__":
   a_url,a_type=get_data()
   # print(a_url)
   # print(a_type)
   Cun(a_url,a_type)

保存csv

#存储为csv网址
def Cun(a_url,a_type):
    #字典
    dic={
        '网址':a_url,
        '类型':a_type,
    }
   #print(dic)

    # 将字典转换成为数据框
    df = pd.DataFrame(dic)
    #print(dic)

    # 保存到本地csv

    #df.to_csv("data.csv", encoding='utf-8', index=False)  #EXcel打开后乱码
    df.to_csv("data.csv", encoding='utf-8-sig', index=False)    #解决EXcel打开后乱码问题
    print('保存完成！')